From the point of view of law, corruption broadly include the following elements: an unlawful act, abuse of power, opportunity, or means, enrich themselves, others, or a corporation, the state or detrimental to the state's economy;
In addition there is some kind of corruption to another, including: giving or receiving gifts or promises (bribes), fraud in office, extortion in office, participating in procurement (for civil servants / public officials).
In the book corrupt Go To Hell, Bibit Samad Rianto said that corruption must satisfy four elements, including corrupt intent (desire to act), the ability to do corruption (abillity to act), opportunities or opportunities for corruption (opportunity to do corruption), and the target or targets for corruption (suitable target).
Corruption appears in politics and bureaucracy can trivial or severe form, organized or not. Though corruption often facilitates criminal activities such as drug sales, money laundering, and portitution, corruption is not restricted to these things alone. To study this problem and its solution, it is important to distinguish between corruption and crime / crimes.
Conditions that favor the existence of corruption: Concentration of power in decision-making that is not directly responsible to the people, as is often seen in regimes that are not democratic, the lack of transparency in government decision-making, political campaigns are expensive, with more spending larger than the normal political funding, projects involving large amounts of public money, closed environments selfish and networks 'old friend', the lack of freedom of speech or freedom of the media, government employee salaries are very small, weak rule of law, lack of professional law, the people are cool, not interested, or gullible who fail to give sufficient attention to the general election, the absence of sufficient controls to prevent bribery or "campaign contributions".
According to the corruption perception index / CPI (Corruption Perception Index) 2011 released by Transparency International in Berlin, Indonesia ranks 100 of 183 countries in the world with a score of 3.0 (index scores 183 countries ranging from 0 highly corrupt) to 10 (very clean) based on perceived levels of public sector corruption) along with 11 other countries namely Argentina, Benin, Burkina Faso, Djibouti, Gabon, Madagascar, Malawi, Mexico, Sao Tome & Principe, Suriname and Tanzania.
In a pooling of punishment that can create a deterrent for the corrupt, there is some kind of punishment can make the corrupt deterrent and fear. Among them: the alleged corruption and impoverished life imprisonment, and in addition, provide deterrent punishment for corruption is sentenced to death or cut by hand because of his actions.
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